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Problem 16

Posted 10/04/2015
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This problem is proposed by Ran Pan. If you want to submit your problem, please click here.

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This problem is about counting pairs of lattice paths from $(0,0)$ to $(n,n)$.

We say two paths have $k$ shared steps if they have $k$ edges in common. For example, in the following figure, the two paths (red and blue) have $3$ shared steps.



$a(n)$ is the number of pairs of lattice paths from $(0,0)$ to $(n,n)$ that do not share steps.

Find $a(n)$.



A more general problem is that how many pairs of paths from $(0,0)$ to $(n,n)$ having $k$ shared steps.




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